How Do TV Stations Know How Many Viewers Are Watching?
What To Know
- Nielsen measures TV show viewership using “statistical sampling,” collecting data from selected families’ TVs using a black box.
- Nielsen’s technology can track viewing habits on various devices, from traditional TVs to game consoles, and can differentiate between live and recorded viewings.
- TV stations themselves don’t track individual viewing habits; instead, data is collected by third parties like Nielsen from representative sample groups.
In this guide, we illuminate the Nielsen rating system and its role in determining the number of viewers watching TV programs.
With a deeper understanding of this process, you’ll see how audience sizes are not just numbers but a narrative of popularity and preference.
Let’s reveal the story behind the stats.
Quick Navigation
How Does Nielsen Viewership Work?
If you want to help dictate what the highest-rated shows in North America will be, you too can sign up to partner with Nielsen. If selected, Nielsen will send someone to your home to install a black box on your TVs.
In turn, this black box will track when you turn your TV on and which channels you watch over a set period of time.
The Hollywood Reporter also found that whether you watch the TV show the same day it’s broadcasted or the following day also affects the TV show’s same-day ratings. Neilsen marks the end of the day at 3 a.m., so if you really love a show and want to have it rated highly, make sure to watch it before then!
How Long Do You Have to Watch a Show to Count Towards Ratings?
Unfortunately, we don’t have an exact answer to this question. Neilsen hasn’t revealed all the specifics of their tracking methods, so confirming the ends and outs of their sampling techniques will prove to be very difficult.
However, some say that Neilsen’s views are counted every time you start watching a show regardless of how long you watch it. Needless to say, Neilsen can not tell if you’re actually watching a show or just have it playing in the background.
Remember, this is only applicable to those a part of the Nielsen survey. Unless you’re a registered Nielsen family, your view won’t count towards the final viewership statistics.
Every year more than 40,000 families are selected and contacted by Nielsen. Those who accept the offer will have a black box installed on each TV in their home. This box will gather all their viewing statistics, such as what channels and shows they watched and for how long.
This data will then be used to represent all North American families.
For example, if 25% of the Nielsen families tune in to watch Friends, then the final TV ratings will dictate that 25% of all North American families watch Friends.
More specific information is gathered for each category of people. For instance, women ages 18 to 24 watch a specific show.
How to Check the TV Viewing Figures?
While you usually won’t be able to check Nielsen’s TV viewing figures taken directly from their sampling survey, you can check these surveys’ results. To see the TV shows’ ratings and find out which TV shows were viewed the most, head to Nielsen’s website.
As you can see in the chart below, you can see the amount of viewers for each show. Remember, these figures do not represent the total number of viewers in the country, but rather from Nielsen’s survey group.
In addition to checking shows’ viewerships, you can also see their rank, network, and overall rating.
How Many Viewers Does a Show Need to Be Successful?
A show’s final rank is not only reliant on its viewership – its rating is the most important part of a show’s success.
We’ve all mindlessly watched low-quality TV shows before, even if we didn’t particularly enjoy them. To ensure that networks are only renewing widely-liked TV shows, each show is given a rating. Shows with lower ratings will be canceled, while shows with higher ratings will be renewed and given a higher budget.
Check out the table below to see how a show’s ranking affects its success and future.
| Rating point |
Description |
|
0 to 1.4 |
Cancellation territory for most major networks. |
|
1.5 to 1.9 |
At the risk of cancellation, but potential for survival. |
|
2.0 to 2.9 |
Considered really good and likely to be renewed. |
| 3.0 to 3.9 | Few shows remain in this range; usually top-tier reality TV. |
| 4.0 or higher | Represents the top scripted TV and big events. |
How Do They Know What I Am Watching On TV?
The rise of digital streaming has allowed Nielsen to track viewership habits, even if you don’t have a TV at home.
One current Nielsen TV member revealed the secrets behind Nielsen’s meticulous tracking methods that allow them to analyze viewer habits without a cable box TV.
Instead of seeing what you’re watching, Nielsen’s technology listens to what you watching, just like how the popular streaming website Twitch does. This allows them to understand and keep a record of which shows and videos you’re watching.
In addition to tracking what you’re watching, Nielsen also analyzes how you’re watching content. They use a device’s Mac address to verify if you’re enjoying your favorite shows on a TV, streaming device, or game console.
So, instead of just knowing you watched two hours of Suits and one hour of The Office, they’ll know you watched Suits on a Roku streaming device and The Office on a PS5.
Additionally, Nielsen can also tell if you watched the show live or recorded via a DVR.
FAQ: Do TV Stations Know When You Change the Channel?
At this point, it may seem like TV stations know just about everything you do on your TV. But, do they also know when you change the channel?
No, TV stations do not know when you change the channel.
As discussed, a TV show’s viewership and ratings are found via surveys and studies done by companies like Nielsen who use a control group to reach these conclusions. These numbers are meant to be representative of the broader public’s viewing habits but are not taken directly from everyone with a TV.
So, unless you’ve signed up to become a Nielsen member, don’t worry. They won’t track which shows you’re watching, and how and when you watch them.
Wrapping Things Up
You heard it here first: TV stations aren’t spying on you through your TV or laptop. In fact, they don’t even know when you change the channel.
Instead, this information is collected from the Nielsen company which recruits tens of thousands of families a year to represent the region’s viewership habits. These families’ views and ratings directly affect which shows will stay on the air and their future budgets.
Nielsen also uses clever technology to understand what you’re watching without a cable box and even track your device’s Mac address to analyze what kind of gadget you’re using to watch content.
Did you know how TV stations understand how many people are watching their shows? Would you ever sign up to be a Nielsen partner?
Let us know in the comments below!
Yesenia Achlim is a technical copywriter and editor with a focus on AV equipment. She aims to break down complicated topics and make technology accessible, no matter your technical expertise. When she’s not teaching you how to replace a projector lamp, you can find her reading and baking.